The flood storage area is an extremely important part of the flood control system of the river basin. Summarizing and analyzing the historical evolution and application of the flood storage area is of great practical significance for managing and dispatching the flood storage area and obtaining the best dispatching effect. The author sorted out the formation, basic overview, and historical evolution of the Chengxi Lake flood storage area, and reviewed the different engineering measures taken around the Huaihe low-lying area of the Chengxi Lake in the past 100 years and the previoued application of the Chengxi Lake flood storage area. The status and role of flood storage areas in Huaihe flood control, and the difficulties encountered in the application process. This paper discussed the basic ideas, methods, and measures to further improve the flood control and security capabilities of the Chengxi Lake flood storage area in the new historical period, and analyzed further strengthening the construction management of the flood storage area and improving the timeliness and effectiveness of the flood storage area dispatching.